Gynecomastia Surgery

About Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia — the enlargement of glandular breast tissue in men — affects an estimated 40–60% of men to varying degrees. It can be caused by hormonal fluctuations during puberty (physiological gynecomastia), medication side effects, anabolic steroid use, liver disease, or genetics. Despite being medically benign, it frequently causes significant psychological distress and self-consciousness, particularly in younger men.

Surgical correction involves the removal of excess glandular tissue (through a small periareolar incision) and, where necessary, fat removal by liposuction, to achieve a smooth, masculine chest contour. In more severe cases with significant skin excess, additional skin reduction is required.

Grades of Gynecomastia

• Grade I — minor glandular enlargement, no excess skin; liposuction alone may be sufficient
• Grade II — moderate enlargement; glandular excision and liposuction
• Grade IIB — moderate enlargement with mild skin excess
• Grade III — marked enlargement with significant skin excess and ptosis; requires skin reduction in addition to gland and fat removal

The Procedure

For Grades I–II, surgery is performed through a small semi-circular incision at the inferior border of the areola, which heals with virtually invisible scarring. Liposuction cannulas are introduced through separate 3mm access points. The procedure takes 1–2 hours under general anaesthesia. A compression vest is worn for 4–6 weeks post-operatively.